commenced

英 [kəˈmenst]

美 [kəˈmenst]

v.  开始发生; 开始; 着手
commence的过去分词和过去式

柯林斯词典

• V-ERG 开始
  When somethingcommencesor youcommenceit, it begins.
  1. The academic year commences at the beginning of October...
     学年于10月初开始。
  2. They commenced a systematic search...
     他们开始进行彻底搜查。
  3. The hunter knelt beside the animal carcass and commenced to skin it.
     猎人跪在动物尸体旁边，开始剥皮。

Commence,start, andbeginall have a similar meaning, althoughcommenceis more formal and is not normally used in conversation.The meeting is ready to begin... He tore the list up and started a fresh one. ...an alternative to commencing the process of European integration.Note thatbegin,start, andcommencecan all be followed by an -ing form or a noun, but onlybeginandstartcan be followed by a 'to' infinitive.
commence, start 和 begin 三个词意思相近，不过 commence 一词更为正式，通常不用于对话中。例如，The meeting is ready to begin (会议可以开始了)，He tore the list up and started a fresh one (他把清单撕碎，然后另列一张)，an alternative to commencing the process of European integration (启动欧洲一体化进程的另一种方式)。注意 begin, start 和 commence 都能后接动词的 -ing 形式或名词，但只有 begin 和 start 才能后接不定式。

双语例句

• He commenced his postgraduate study in2009.
  他于2009年开始研究生学习。
• The hunter knelt beside the animal carcass and commenced to skin it.
  猎人跪在动物尸体旁边，开始剥皮。
• The dentist commenced to dig, drill and finally fill the offending tooth.
  牙医开始在那颗有问题的牙齿上挖洞，钻孔，直到最后把它补好。
• He commenced his literary career as a novel-writer.
  他作为一个小说作家开始了他的文学生涯。
• I may say this: it commenced in a quarrel.
  我可以说的是：这是一场争吵引起的。
• The newspaper had commenced as a duplicated broadsheet.
  这家报纸最初为双面版。
• Prior to these cases, wild poliovirus has not been found in Yemen since AFP surveillance commenced in1996.
  在这些病例之前，自1996年开始急性弛缓性麻痹监测以来在也门未发现野生脊髓灰质炎病毒。
• He commenced his business yesterday.
  昨天，他开张营业了。
• We have commenced the sale of local products abroad.
  本地土产开始销行国外。
• They commenced a systematic search
  他们开始进行彻底搜查。